Netted fabric



April 30, 1946. MISADINOFF 2,399,392

NETTED FABRIC Filed April 19, `1944 f- INVENWTOR 'BV/A/Y afm/Naf?" ATT NEY Patented Apr. 30, 1946 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE NETTED FABRIC Max Sadinotf, New York, N. Y. Application April 19, 1944, Serial No. 531,703 14 Claims. (ci. cfs-193) This invention relates generally to textile materials generally of a knitted or netted character and more particularly to an improved construe# tionA ofthe same.

It is well known that there are many fields in which textile fabrics are used, wherein the function of the textile is best performed when the fabric is of an open mesh character. Such fabrics find use in curtain fabrics, decorative and screen nets and similar articles of commerce. Where the netting is of a relatively simple nature, it is frequently manufactured by use of a lino weave loom. Highly useful netted fabrics, however, aremanufactured on knitting machines in which a plurality of warp chains are produced by a bankcf simultaneously operated needles and in which weft or filling strands or cords are vinterlaced between groups of Warp chains.

The ordinary knitted net fabrics are suitable for the decorative uses, but they are open to the objection that upon the breakage of one or more of the ,threads composing the fabric, ravelling and running occurn Thus if the netvbecomes damaged at 'one point, such damage isl not localized but rapidly spreads indifferent directions to disigure and reduce the utility of a greater area` of the fabric.

It is, therefore, among the principal objects of the present invention to provide a novel and useful knitted net fabric construction wherein the -weft threads are periodically interlocked with theploops in the various warp chains so that upon damage to the fabric, the broken thread area is localized and prevented from ravelling or running beyond the next point in any given direction where the weft or filling thread is locked within any knit loop of a given warp chain.

By virtue of the present construction certain articles which have in the past been composed of knitted net fabric may have their utility and usefull life increased. This effect is particularly noticeable in the case of those textile fabrics of the class described which ordinarily in useare subject to abrasion. Examples of suchvmateri'als andtheir -uses areA tobe found in dishcloths, knitted wiping' cloths, knitted polishing cloths and camouflage nets.

In accordance with the present invention the normal knitted fabric is altered in that periodically the weft threads are tied in or locked within given loops in the various warp chains. This construction may be readily accomplished during the normal manufacturing operation by so placing theyvefththreads :that in addition to thenormal wrapping of the weft threads about the warp chains they are also in a position to be pulled into the chains of loops formed by the continuous normal operation of the Warp chain forming needles.

Another object herein lies in the provision of a knitted cloth of the character described which while retaining desirable characteristics of resiliency normally associated with knitted cloths has the effect of limiting the extremes of stretch which the cloth may make in accommodating to external tension. This effect is produced since when the weft thread between any two locking points is substantially rectilinearly arranged further extension of the cloth thereat will depend upon the basic resiliency of the thread. This may be contrasted with types of knitting in which the resiliency at any one point is transmitted over a greater area of the cloth by the successive contraction of thread loops.

These objects and other incidental ends and advantages will more fully appear in the progress o1' this disclosure and be pointed out in the appended claims.

The drawing is ian enlarged fragmentary front elevational view of a knitted fabric showing a preferred embodiment of the invention.

The size and spacing of the various threads which make up the knitted Afabric have been greatly exaggerated for the purpose of clarity in the drawing and in the specification. Furthermore the threads have been indicated as of different colors so that their position and arrangement with-respect to each other may be more readily traced schematically. Obviously they may in fact be of different colors or of the same color depending upon the decorative effect desired.-

Depending upon the total width of the clothh I0 and the size of the mesh openings Il desired, a plurality ofwarp chains generally indicated by numeral I2 are provided. These warp chains are arranged in spaced and parallel relationship across the width of the fabric Il) so that they extend longitudinally of said fabric. Thus by Way of example we have the warp chains 2l, 22, 23 and 24. The warp chains 2|-24 inclusive may be produced in the normal operation of a known nat bed knitting machine.

The cloth l0 as knitted, leaves the knitting loom (not shown) to travel downward as viewed in the drawing so that the loops first formed are the loops 30, 40,50 and 60, and following these loops the loops 3l-39, V4l-lll), 5l-59 and lil-69, respectively are formed.

The loops in any of the warp chains are formed in a well known manner so that each loop in.- cludes a generally circular coil of thread which entwines or passes through the next adjoining coil therebelow.

There are a plurality of weft elements of which only seven are shown in the drawing. These weft elements are indicated by reference characters 10, 80, 90, |00, and |20. A11 of these weft elements have the same general path of travel which occurs in repetitive cycles and by way of example the path of travel of the weft element |00 is here given in detail. It will be understood, of course, by those skilled in the art that the weft elements are each guided by yarn carriers which are laterally reciprocated in timed correlation with the reciprocation of the needles as they form the successive warp loops in their respective chains.

Simultaneously with the formation of the loops 45, 50 and 60, the weft element I 00 is carried across to the right as seen in the drawing so that it passes transversely of the fabric |0 through said loops. This forms exposed filler portions IOI and |02.

Next, while the loop 6| is in the process of formation, the weft element |00 at the portion |03 is drawn to the left to pass through said loop, the weft element portion |04 is placed along the warp chain 24, the locking in bight |05 is formed and the portion |03 are caught in and encircled by the loop 6|. The loop 62 is formed and the upper portion |05 of the bight |05 is encircled by the loop 63.

From this point the weft element |00 travels to the left to be entwined by the loop 53 and 43 which were formed simultaneously with the formation of loop 63. This transverse movement of the weft element |00 forms the ller portions |01 and |08.

Leaving the loop 43, the weft element |00 is reversed in direction. Next, while the loop 44 is in the process of formation the weft element at the portion I03a is drawn through said loop, the weft element portion |04a is placed along the warp chain 22, the locking in bight |05a is formed and said bight and the portion |03a are caught in and encircled by the loop 44. The loop 45 is formed and the upper portion |0|ia` of the bight |05a is encircled by the loop 46. This iinishes one complete cycle of vertical or longitudinal as well as transverse travel of the weft element |00 and from this point upwardly on the drawing, the same series of convolutions and interconnections is continued in a repetitive series.

Thus the weft element |00 positions the warp chains 22 and 24 with respect to each other laterally and also positions the warp chain 23 longitudinally with respect to the warp chains 22 and 24. This is so because every third loop of the warp chain 24 entwines a horizontal or transverse portion of the weft element |00.

Moving now one warp chain to the left on the drawing, the beginning of the weft element 90 is seen. Simultaneously with the formation of the loops 30, 40 and 50, the weft element 90 is carried across to the right so that it passes transversely of the fabric |0 through said loops. This forms the exposed filled portions 9| and 92.

Next, while the loops 5| is in the process of formation, the weit element 90 at the portion 93 is drawn to the left to pass through said loop, the weft element portion 94 is placed along the warp chain 23, the locking in bight 95 is formed and said bight and the portion 93 are caught in and encircled by the loop 5|. The loop 52 is formed and the upper portion 95 of the bight 95 is encircled by the loop 53.

From this point the weft element 90 travels to the left to be entwined by the loops 43 and 33 which were formed simultaneously with the formation of the loop 53. This transverse movement of the weft element 90 forms the filler portions 91 and 98.

Leaving the loop 33 the weft element 90 is reversed in direction. Next, while the loop 34 is in the process of formation the weft element at the portion 93a is drawn through said loop, the weft element portion 94a, is placed along the warp chain 2|, the locking in bight 95a is formed and said bight and the portion 93a are caught in and encircled by the loop 34. The loop 35 is formed and the upper portion 96a of the bight 95a is encircled by the loop 36. This nishes one complete cycle of vertical or longitudinal as well as transverse travel of the weft element 90 and from this point upwardly on the drawing the same series of convolutions and interconnections is continued in a repetitive series.

Thus, the weft element 90 positions the warp chains 2| and 23 with respect to each other laterally and also positions the warp chain 22 longitudinally with respect to the warp chains 2| and 23. This is so because every third loop of the warp chain 22 entwines a horizontal or transverse portion of the weft elements |00 and 90.

Moving now one warp chain to the left on the drawing, the beginning of the weft element is seen, in the lower left hand corner of said drawing. For the purpose of avoiding repetition, it may be stated that the weft element 80 has a path of travel substantially' identical with the path of travel ofthe weft element |00 but is located two warp chains to the left.

The weft element '|0 bears the same relationship as that just described, to the weft element 90. :The weft element H0 has a similar relationship to the weft element but is located two warp chains to the right. As will be readily understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention relates, the same construction may be extended over any desired area depending upon the warp forming capacity of the knitting loom and the total length of the cloth bolt desired.

The various yarns which form the warp chains and the weft elements havebeen shown and described as being of a single ply. Obviously where desired, such warp and weft elements may be of a greater number of plies, and the strands which form the plies may be twisted cr may be in a parallel disposition.

By virtue of the locking in bight construction i1- lustrated and described particularly designated by the reference characters 95, a', |05 and |05a, a bighting in construction is obtained which produces a knotting effect and this materially reduces the tendency of the knitted fabric to ravel or run when any of the threads which form the warp or weft elements are severed or broken. Since this knotting effect also results in a reduction of slippage of the threads, undesirable distortion of the fabric |0 is reduced.

It may thus be seen that I have disclosed a novel and useful knitted fabric which. can be produced at substantially no increase in cost over fabrics of generally similar constructions, but which lack the utilitarian features of my invention.

I- wish it to be understood that I do not desire to bev limited to the exact detalls of construction shown and described, for obvious modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

I claim:

l. Ina knitted fabric, a plurality of Warp chains composed of a series of joined loops and spaced in parallel arrangement, longitudinally of said fabric; a weft element, a first portion of which is disposed transversely of the fabric pass ing through at least two of said Warp chains, and a second portion of which travels in the direction of a Warp chain, said second portion having a locking-in bight engaging one of said loops.

2. In a knitted fabric, a plurality of Warp chains composed of a series of joined loops and spaced in parallel arrangement, said chains being disposed longitudinally of said fabric; a weft element, a first portion of which is disposed transversely of the fabric penetrating at least two of said Warp chains which are next to each other, and a second portion of which travels in the general direction of a warp chain, said second portion having a locking-in bight engaging one of said loops.

3. In a knitted fabric of the open type mesh, a plurality of warp chains each formed of a single continuous thread, forming a series of joined loops said chains being disposed longitudinally of said fabric and in spaced and parallel arrangement; a weft element composed of a continuous thread, a first portion of said weft element being disposed substantially transversely of the fabric penetrating at least two of said Warp chains which are next to each other, and a second portion of said weft element being disposed substantially longitudinally of the fabric, said second portion having a locking-in bight engaging one of said loops.

4. In a knitted fabric of the open mesh type, a plurality of warp chains each formed by a single continuous thread forming a series of joined loops, said chains being disposed longitudinally of said fabric and in spaced and parallel arrangement; a weft element composed of a continuous thread, a first portion of said weft element being disposed substantially along one of said warp chains a second portion f said weft element being dis- A posed substantially transversely of said fabric, and a third portion of said weft element being disposed substantially along another of said Warp chains said first and third portions having a locking-in bight engaging one of said loops in respective Warp chains.

5. In a knitted fabric of the open mesh type, a plurality of warp chains each formed of a single continuous thread forming a series of joined loops, said chains being disposed longitudinally of said fabric and in spaced and parallel arrangement; a weft element composed of a continuous thread, a rst portion of said weft element being disposed substantially along a certain one of said warp chains, a second portion of said weft element being disposed substantially transversely of said fabric, a third portion of said weft element being disposed substantially along another of said warp chains, and a fourth portion of said weft element being disposed spaced and parallel to said second portion of the weft element, the said first and third portions having a locking-in bight engaging one of the loops of the respective Warp chains.

6. In a knitted fabric of the open mesh type, a plurality of warp chains each formed of a single continuous thread forming a series of joined loops, said chains being disposed longitudinally of said fabric and in spaced and parallel arrangement; a weft element composed of a continuous thread, a first portion of said weft element being disposed substantially along a certain one of said warp chains, a second portion of said weft element being disposed transversely of said fabric, a third portion of said weft element being disposed substantially along another of said warp chains, a fourth portion of said weft element being disposed spaced and parallel to said second portion of the weft element, and a fifth portion of the weft element being disposed substantially along said certain one of said warp' chains the said first, third and fifth portions having a locking-in bight engaging one of the loops of the respective Warp chains.

7. A knitted fabric of the open mesh type, as claimed in claim 6, in which there are a plurality of weft elements of substantially identical configuration in laterally stepped arrangement.

8. A knitted fabric of the open mesh type, as claimed in claim 6, in which there are at least two weft elements the first and fourth portions of which penetrate a single warp chain.

9. In a knitted fabric, a warp chain composed of a plurality of joined loops formed by the intertwining of a warp thread; a weft element in the form of a continuous thread, said weft element passing through the first of said loops, thence through the second of said loops, thence back through the fourth of said loops, thence through the second of said loops and thence again through said fourth of said loops.

10. In a knitted fabric, a warp chain composed of a series of joined loops, including first, second, third and fourth loops, formed by the interconnection of a continuous Warp thread; a weft-element in the form of a continuous thread having a locking-in bight, said weft element passing completely through said first and second loops,

'and having said bight passing through the fourth loop and around a portion of the Warp thread which forms the second loop.

l1. A knitted fabric as claimed in claim l0 in which there are a plurality of warp chains in spaced and parallel arrangement disposed longitudinally of the fabric and in which the weft element meanders from one Warp chain to another to be engaged by each warp chain in turn in a similar manner.

l2. In a knitted fabric, a warp chain composed of a plurality of joined loops, a weft element in the form of a continuous thread, passing through at least one of said loops and having a lockingin bight engaging one of said loops previously passed through.

13. In a knitted fabric, a plurality of Warp chains composed of a series of joined loops and spaced in parallel arrangement longitudinally of said fabric; a weft element having one portion running transversely of the fabric and another portion running in the direction of one of said warp chains, said other portion having a locking-in bight engaging one of said loops.

14. In a knitted fabric, a plurality of warp chains composed of a series of joined loops and spaced in parallel arrangement longitudinally of said fabric; a, weft element having one portion running transversely of the fabric and another portion running in the direction of one of said warp chains and passing through at least one of said loops said other portion having a locking-in bight engaging one of said loops previously passed through.

MAX SADINOFF. 

